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Paper
Published: 2025
Summary:
Populations of color (POC) are disproportionately exposed to delivery-related traffic despite ordering fewer packages than White populations. This study uses structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine which urban form and socio-economic factors contribute to these racial disparities in 39 U.S. metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs). Of particular interest is “logistics sprawl,” which has lengthened distances between freight supply and demand.